Activated charcoal chemically adsorbs (attaches to, not absorbs) and inactivates toxins. E.g. snake and spider, venom, tylenol (acetaminophen), aspirin, penicillin, nicotine, cocaine, opium, gasoline, kerosene, mercuric chloride, antimony, arsenic, cyanide, strychnine, and hemlock.
Activated charcoal has been made under controlled conditions. Usually limiting oxygen, which significantly increases the adsorptive nature of the charcoal. Ordinary carcoal is simpy charred wood .
Activated charcoal may not adsorb alcohol
Hultén BA, Heath A, Mellstrand T, Hedner T. Does alcohol adsorb alcohol, 1986, Hum Toxicol. 1986 May;5(3):211-2. PPubMed
The sooner activated charcoal is used, the better the results. After 24 hours, it will be ineffective
Adsorbs/ binds toxins in the GI tract to prevent their absorption from the stomach and intestines into the blood stream. E.g. from drug overdose, food poisoning,
Poultice: Adsorb localized toxins (E.g. poisonous / toxic bites)
Soak: If treatment area can be submerged. E.g. foot, hand, arm, finger