Wave shape
PEMF therapy devices produce time-varying* electromagnetic waves with a specific shape
E.g. triangle, rectangular (includes square waves), or saw-tooth. Each wave shape is determined by a specific waveform generator in the device (consisting of circuitry components such as inductors, capacitors, switches, diodes, transistors etc). *Time-varying means that the electric field has a changing voltage amplitude, achieved by changing the current.
Each wave shape has 3 variable parameters:
(1) Pulse Rate
How often the EMF pulses are turned on per second. In this diagram, the pulse rate is 1 / T. E.g. if T=1/10 second, then the pulse rate = 1 / (1/10) = 10Hz. The fundamental frequency of the wave is its pulse rate.
(2) Duty cycle
The amount of time the pulse is active (t) compared to the time between each pulse (T). t / T in diagram. E.g. if T = 1/10 sec. and t = 1/40 sec., then duty cycle = (1/40) / (1/10) = 10/40 = 0.25 or 25%. A square wave has a duty cycle of 50%. (since t is half of T)
(3) Strength /Amplitude of Magnetic field (B) and Electric Field (E)
Magnetic field strength is measured in Tesla for large amplitude fields, and Gauss is used for smaller field amplitudes (such as the earth's geomagnetic field of 0.5 Gauss), and Electric Field (E) is measured in volts /meter.
Amplitudes are determined by coil shapes /sizes and current flowing through them. Maxwell's equations describe how a current in a closed loop produces an electromagnetic field (originally Ampere's law). The electromagnetic field is a physical field, an interdependent relationship between the electric and magnetic fields, which are 90 degrees out of phase (i.e. when E is max, B=0, when B=max, E=0)
Frequency (measured in Hertz) simply refers to the number of oscillations that pass by a fixed point in one second: e.g. the musical note 'A' vibrates at 440 Hz - 440 wave cycles per second.
Chronic low-level inflammation (CLII) involved in almost all health problems
"The medical kit of the future"
General electrotherapy health benefits. Used systemically and/or locally at specific problem areas of the body, its effective application has many benefits:
Detoxification | Wellness / Healthy aging | Pain relief |
Relief from insomnia | Immune system restoral | Anti-Inflammatory |
Maximizes cellular energy production | Accelerated tissue /bone /scar healing |
Stress Reduction |
Muscle relaxation / rehabilitation | Increased blood oxygen / circulation |
+++ |
There are several reasonably affordable electrotherapy devices available for personal use. The following electrotherapies are those that have received a significant amount of positive feedback:
Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) therapy |
Beck Protocol |
Rife therapy |
Ozone therapy |
Near Infrared (NIR) class 4 laser therapy |
Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) applies specific frequency patterns to the head area, with the following benefits:
Balances neurotransmitters | Relieves pain | Treats depression |
Substance abuse withdrawal | Relieves insomnia | Relieve stress / anxiety |
Anti-Inflammatory | Fibromyalgia | +++ |