OMEGA-6
FAMILY |
OMEGA-3
FAMILY |
LA
(Linolenic Acid)
18:2w6
In Soybean oil, Nut and seed oils (Safflower, Sesame, Cottonseed, Sunflower,
Corn, Hemp, Canola, peanut), animal fats
(especially grain-fed), walnuts, almonds, legumes, wheatgerm
oil, wild salmon |
ALA
(α-Linolenic Acid)
18:3w3)
In Seed Oils (Flax, Chia, Hemp, Canola),
Walnuts, Green leafy vegetables, Grass-fed
animal fats
|
Pathway Competing for:
Δ
6D enzyme
Requires B6,
Magnesium, Zinc |
⇓ |
⇓ |
GLA
(Gamma-linolenic Acid)
18:3w6
In Blackcurrant, Borage & Evening primrose oils
|
SDA
(Stearidonic Acid)
18:4w3 In
Blackcurrant
&
other wild seed oils
|
Elongase 5 Enzyme
⇓
|
Elongase 5 Enzyme
⇓ |
DGLA
(Dihomo-γ-linolenic Acid)
20:3w6
In Breast Milk.
Most potent
anti-inflammatory EFA
|
Eicosatetraenoic Acid |
Anti-inflammatory pathway
↙
↙
COX-1
or
COX-2
|
Pathway Competing for:
Δ
5D enzyme
(Requires Vitamin C, B3, Zinc) |
Blocked by EPA [Reference]
⇓ |
Preferred pathway.
⇓ |
Blocks
LT4
↓
↓
|
AA
(Arachidonic
Acid)
20:4w6
(abundant in body's immune cells, skeletal muscle, brain,
liver, spleen, retina)
In
Meat, Farmed salmon, Eggs (not much)
Most potent inflammatory EFA
|
EPA
(Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
20:5w3
(and DHA)
In: Fish oil, grass-fed animal and poultry, land
animals'brains, testes, adrenals, eyeballs. Brown/red algae
|
Pathway
Competing for:
COX-1
or COX-2
|
Pathway
Competing for:
COX-1
or COX-2
|
Pathway
Competing for:
LOX
Enzymes |
Pathway
Competing for:
COX-1
or
COX-2
|
Pathway
Competing for:
LOX
Enzymes |
⇓ Elongase
DPA
(Docosapentaenoic Acid)
|
↓
↓
|
↓
↓ PGG2 ↓↓ |
↓ |
↓ |
↓
|
⇕Δ4D |
PGH1
↓
|
PGH2 ↓
Isomerases
&
Tissue specific synthases
|
(DGLA
derivative: 15- hydroxyl blocks
LT-4
Belch, 2000)
|
PGH3
↓
|
|
DHA
(Docosa-hexanoic acid
22:6w3) For
brain and nerves
(10-20% of brain's membrane
phospholipid fats) |
PG1
Prostaglandins
PGA1
PGB1
PGC1
PGD1
PGE1
PGF1α
PGI1
TX1
Thromboxanes
TXA1
TXB1
(PGE1
PGF1α
TXA1
blocks
LT4)
|
PG2
Prostaglandins
PGI2
(Prostacyclin)
|
LT4
Leukotrienes
(Via
5-LOX)
LTA4
LTB4
LTC4
LTD4
LTE4
(LTF4)
EX4
Eoxins
(From
LT4s
Via
14,15-LOX)
LX4
Lipoxins
LXA4
LXB4
|
PG3
Prostaglandins
PGD3 PGE3
PGF3α PGI3
TX3
Thromboxanes
TXA3
(TXB3)
|
LT5
Leukotrienes
LTA5
LTB5
LTC5
LTD5
(LTE5)
RVs
Resolvins
E- Series
PDs
Protectins
|
RVs
Resolvins
D-Series
PDs
Protectins
PD1 |
PG2
Prostaglandins
PGD2
PGE2 /PGE2
(via PGE synthase)
PGF2α
TX2
Thromboxanes
TXA2
Thromboxane
TXB2
|