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Hormone menubar

Hormones:
Hormones 101
TESTING
- Testing Hormones
- Take Hormone Test
THE HORMONES
- AMINES:
- MELATONIN - The Sleep Hormone
- SEROTONIN (Not Yet Available) -
- THYROID T3 and T4 - Master Metabolism Hormones
- STEROIDS:
- STEROIDS CONVERSION CHART
- ABOUT STEROID HORMONES
- STEROID ENZYMES
- (1)GLUCOCORTICOIDS
- CORTISOL - "Fight or Flight" (N/A)
- (2)MINERALOCORTICOIDS
- ALDOSTERONE (N/A)
- (3)SEX STEROIDS
- "Your Body is not your own! :)"
- Effects of alcohol on sex hormones
- SEX Hormone-Binding Carriers"
- SYNTHETIC SEX STEROIDS-"Frankenstein Look-a-likes""
- ANDROGENS
- Predominantly Male Hormones
- ANDROGEN DOMINANCE (N/A)
- TESTOSTERONE
- DHT - The Potent Androgen
- DHEA
- ANDROSTENEDIONE
- ESTROGENS
- Estrogens - Predominately Female Hormones
- Estrogen Dominance
- (E1) ESTRIOL
- (E2) ESTRADIOL (N/A)
- (E3) ESTRONE (N/A)
- Progestagens
- Progestagens- Precursors to Androgens, Estrogens and Corticoids
- PROGESTERONE
- PREGNENOLONE
- STEROLS
- VITAMIN D
- POLYPEPTIDES
- LOW DOSE NALTREXONE (LDN)
- LEPTIN - Weight Control Hormone (Not yet available)

Estrogens - The Female Hormones

ESTROGENS:
ABOUT
Estrogen Dominance
HEALTH EFFECTS
NO HRT

Estrogen transport and availability

Estrogen transport

ESTRADIOL (E2) is transported in serum, reversibly bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and, with less affinity, to albumin

Sex hormone-binding carriers

Estrogen bioavailabilty

The bioavailability of estrogens is modulated by their binding to the sex hormone-binding carrier SHBG

• 40% of ESTRADIOL (E2) is bound with high affinity to SHBG

• 59% remainder is loosely attached to albumin - both the free and the albumin-bound E2 are bioavailable to various tissues.

• ~2% of E2 circulates as a free steroid

Exogenous oral estrogensstimulate increased SHBG production(in the liver cells), whereas androgens suppress SHBG levels(making E2 more bioavailable, since there is less SHBG to bind to).

- Potency of different estrogens is reflected in their ability to bind to SHBG and to stimulate its hepatic synthesis - E.g.Unconjugated equilin (one of the estrogens isolated from horse urine E.g. in Premarin), ESTRONE (E1), and ESTRADIOL (E2) bind with high but different affinities to SHBG. In a comparative study, 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) increased plasma SHBG by 100% over baseline after 3 months of treatment; 1 mg of oral E2 increased plasma SHBG by 45% and 50 mcg of transdermal E₂ increased it by 12%.

Nachtigall LE, Raju U, Banerjee S, Wan L, Levitz M; Serum ESTRADIOL-binding profiles in postmenopausal women undergoing three common estrogen replacement therapies: associations with sex hormone-binding globulin, ESTRADIOL, and estrone levels. Menopause. 2000 Jul-Aug;7(4):243-50.

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