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Hormone menubar
Estrogens - The Female Hormones
Body's elimination of estrogen
Body's elimination of estrogen
75-85% of estrogen
inactivation/clearance is by the healthy LIVER, the rest is cleared
extrahepatically
Contrast this to the androgens.
Which can also be significantly inactivated in other tissues;
The major route of estrogen inactivation is via the healthy liver's
conversion ofestrogen toESTRONE. ESTRONE
has only ~30% ofESTRADIOL'sactivity level (17BHSD in some peripheral tissues also makes this
conversion). In the liver, ESTRONE is then dealt with by one of the
following 3 methods:
Formation ofESTRIOL. The major urinary estrogen in
humans, ESTRIOL formation is increased ▲with obesity and hypothyroidism,
and decreased ▼with
hyperthyroidism;
Catecholestrogen formation(liver, nerve cells, other tissues). ESTRONEand ESTRADIOL
catalyzed by 2-hydroxylase to their 2-hydroxylated metabolites and excreted
after processing by COMT; catecholestrogen formation is
increased in hyperthyroidism ▲
/ decreased in
hypothyroidism ▼
;
a specific hydroxylase (CYP1B1) can
activate the potentially mutagenic/carcinogenic
ESTRADIOLmetabolite
4-hydroxyESTRADIOL,
which gives rise to radicals that can damage DNA.
Sulfotransferase reaction(liver,
uterus, other tissues). ESTRONE is converted to biologically
inactive ESTRONE sulfate,
the most abundant plasma estrogen,
which can be metabolized to
ESTRIOLand
catecholestrone,
but is more often conjugated with glucuronic acid ("sugar acid"), making
the estrogen
water soluble for easy elimination in the urine;
The liver clears 0.70 - 0.85 liters/hr
Longcope C, Layne
DS, Tait JK. Metabolic clearance rates and interconversions of estrone
and 17beta-ESTRADIOL in normal males and females. J Clin Invest. 1968
Jan;47(1):93-106.
PubMed
Blood flow in the liver appears important in
determining the overall metabolic clearance of
E2
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